{
 "id": "epub-format",
 "name": "ePub Format",
 "category": "text",
 "identifiers": {
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   "epub"
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  "mime": [
   "application/epub+zip"
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  "puid": [
   "fmt/483"
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  "wikidata": [
   "Q27196933",
   "Q475488"
  ],
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    "offset": 0,
    "hex": "504b0304",
    "notes": "ePub"
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   {
    "offset": 0,
    "hex": "504b03040a000200"
   }
  ],
  "signatures": [
   {
    "name": "ePub",
    "sequences": [
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      "position": "bof",
      "offset": 0,
      "pattern": "504b0304{26}6d696d65747970656170706c69636174696f6e2f657075622b7a6970"
     }
    ]
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 },
 "status": "writable",
 "summary": "The EPUB family of standards defines a distribution and interchange format for digital publications and documents. The EPUB format, short for \"electronic publications\", provides a means of representing, packaging, and encoding structured and semantically enhanced Web content — including HTML, CSS, SVG and other resources — for distribution in a single‐file container. The container file is based on the ZIP format and defined in the Open Container Format (OCF). EPUB is an openly documented standard. It has been developed and maintained under the auspices of a sequence of entities. The version of EPUB is identified in the version attribute of the root <package> element in the .opf file, which can be found when the contents of the .epub file is \"unzipped\", i.e., extracted from the ZIP archive into its component files. The official way to find the .opf file is through the mandatory META-INF/container.xml file. If the EPUB container has a single EPUB Package, this will often be, by convention rather than requirement, in a directory named \"EPUB\" or \"OEBPS.\" The version attribute for packages complying with all EPUB 3.x specifications is \"3.0\" and for EPUB 2.x specifications is \"2.0\".",
 "tools": [
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   "name": "Pandoc",
   "url": "https://pandoc.org",
   "license": "GPL-2.0-or-later",
   "open_source": true,
   "reads": true,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "eXeLearning",
   "url": "https://exelearning.net/",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "license": "GNU Lesser General Public License",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Kobo eReader",
   "url": "http://www.koboereader.com/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "Pandoc",
   "url": "https://pandoc.org/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License, version 2.0",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "TextMaker",
   "url": "https://www.softmaker.com/en/softmaker-office-textmaker",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Thorium Reader",
   "url": "https://www.edrlab.org/software/thorium-reader/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "3-clause BSD License",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "ABBYY FineReader 11",
   "url": "https://pdf.abbyy.com/",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "license": "end-user license agreement"
  },
  {
   "name": "Adobe Digital Editions",
   "url": "https://www.adobe.com/de/solutions/ebook/digital-editions.html",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "freeware"
  },
  {
   "name": "Adobe InDesign",
   "url": "http://www.adobe.com/products/indesign/",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "license": "proprietary license"
  },
  {
   "name": "Adobe RoboHelp",
   "url": "http://www.adobe.com/products/robohelp/",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Aldiko",
   "url": "http://www.aldiko.com/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "anydoc",
   "url": "https://firecrawl.github.io/anydoc/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "MIT License",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Apache Tika",
   "url": "https://tika.apache.org",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "Apache Software License 2.0",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Apple Books",
   "url": "https://www.apple.com/apple-books/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "end-user license agreement"
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  {
   "name": "Blio",
   "url": "http://www.blio.com",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "Bluefire Reader",
   "url": "http://www.bluefirereader.com",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "Booktype",
   "url": "https://www.sourcefabric.org/software/booktype",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Bookworm",
   "url": "https://babluboy.github.io/bookworm",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "BrailleBlaster",
   "url": "https://www.brailleblaster.org/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "Cybook Opus",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4992154",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "EPUBReader",
   "url": "http://www.epubread.com/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "software license"
  },
  {
   "name": "ExifTool",
   "url": "https://exiftool.org/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "Artistic License / GNU General Public License, version 1.0 or later",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "FBReader",
   "url": "https://fbreader.org",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Foliate",
   "url": "https://johnfactotum.github.io/foliate/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "Google Docs",
   "url": "https://www.google.com/docs/about",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Google Docs",
   "url": "https://www.docs.google.com/",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "license": "proprietary license"
  },
  {
   "name": "Google Play Books",
   "url": "https://play.google.com/books",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "Hanlin eReader",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q812797",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "HelpNDoc",
   "url": "http://www.helpndoc.com",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "iBooks Author",
   "url": "http://www.apple.com/ibooks-author",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "ICE Book Reader",
   "url": "https://ice-graphics.com/ICEReader/IndexE.html",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "IStudio Publisher",
   "url": "http://www.istudiopublisher.com/",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "JHOVE",
   "url": "http://jhove.openpreservation.org",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU Lesser General Public License",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Kitabu",
   "url": "https://www.kitabu.me/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "freeware"
  },
  {
   "name": "Kobo Touch",
   "url": "http://kobobooks.com/touch",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "Lector",
   "url": "https://github.com/BasioMeusPuga/Lector",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "Lektz",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6520669",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "Lucifox",
   "url": "https://lucidor.org/lucifox/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License, version 3.0",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "MuPDF",
   "url": "https://mupdf.com/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU Affero General Public License, version 3.0 or later",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Muṣṭalaḥ Al-Tā’rīkh",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111657067",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International"
  },
  {
   "name": "Okular",
   "url": "https://okular.kde.org",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License, version 2.0",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Onyx Boox",
   "url": "https://euroshop.boox.com/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "Oxygen XML Editor",
   "url": "https://www.oxygenxml.com/",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "license": "proprietary license"
  },
  {
   "name": "PagePlus",
   "url": "http://www.serif.com/pageplus/",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Pages",
   "url": "https://www.apple.com/pages/",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "PDF Guru",
   "url": "https://pdfguru.com/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "PhotoRec",
   "url": "http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/PhotoRec",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Playwrite",
   "url": "http://www.wundrbooks.com/playwrite/",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Q1165026",
   "url": "https://sigil-ebook.com/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Q131382357",
   "url": "https://wiki.mate-desktop.org/mate-desktop/applications/atril/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License, version 2.0",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Q479808",
   "url": "https://www.sumatrapdfreader.org",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License, version 3.0",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Q747793",
   "url": "https://calibre-ebook.com",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": true,
   "license": "GNU General Public License, version 3.0",
   "open_source": true
  },
  {
   "name": "QuarkXPress",
   "url": "https://www.quark.com/Products/QuarkXPress",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "license": "proprietary license"
  },
  {
   "name": "Readeck",
   "url": "https://readeck.org/",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Sao Mai Braille",
   "url": "https://saomaicenter.org/en/smsoft/smb",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "Scrivener",
   "url": "https://www.literatureandlatte.com/scrivener",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true
  },
  {
   "name": "Sony Reader",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2037829",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false
  },
  {
   "name": "STDU Viewer",
   "url": "https://web.archive.org/web/20150224145333/http://stdutility.com/stduviewer.html",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "freeware"
  }
 ],
 "projects": [
  {
   "name": "File Formats Wiki",
   "url": "http://fileformats.archiveteam.org/wiki/EPUB",
   "kind": "wiki"
  },
  {
   "name": "PRONOM fmt/483",
   "url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/483",
   "kind": "format-doc"
  },
  {
   "name": "Wikidata Q27196933",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27196933",
   "kind": "wiki"
  },
  {
   "name": "Wikidata Q475488",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q475488",
   "kind": "wiki"
  }
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "sources": [
   "converters",
   "ffw",
   "pronom",
   "wikidata"
  ]
 },
 "updated": "2026-10-24",
 "conversions": [
  {
   "to": "opendocument",
   "tool": "Pandoc",
   "command": "pandoc -f epub -t odt in.epub -o out.odt",
   "fidelity": "partial",
   "losses": "Document structure is kept; layout, styles and unsupported elements are lost.",
   "url": "https://pandoc.org"
  },
  {
   "to": "office-open-xml-wordprocessing-document-ecma-376-1st-edition",
   "tool": "Pandoc",
   "command": "pandoc -f epub -t docx in.epub -o out.docx",
   "fidelity": "partial",
   "losses": "Document structure is kept; layout, styles and unsupported elements are lost.",
   "url": "https://pandoc.org"
  },
  {
   "to": "hypertext-markup-language",
   "tool": "Pandoc",
   "command": "pandoc -f epub -t html in.epub -o out.html",
   "fidelity": "partial",
   "losses": "Document structure is kept; layout, styles and unsupported elements are lost.",
   "url": "https://pandoc.org"
  },
  {
   "to": "markdown",
   "tool": "Pandoc",
   "command": "pandoc -f epub -t markdown in.epub -o out.md",
   "fidelity": "partial",
   "losses": "Document structure is kept; layout, styles and unsupported elements are lost.",
   "url": "https://pandoc.org"
  },
  {
   "to": "plain-text-file",
   "tool": "Pandoc",
   "command": "pandoc -f epub -t plain in.epub -o out.txt",
   "fidelity": "partial",
   "losses": "Text only: all formatting is dropped.",
   "url": "https://pandoc.org"
  }
 ],
 "aliases": [],
 "structure": [],
 "parsers": [],
 "samples": [],
 "claims": [],
 "verification": []
}