{
 "id": "digital-negative-format-dng-1-4",
 "name": "Digital Negative Format (DNG)",
 "family": "digital-negative-file-format-family",
 "category": "image",
 "identifiers": {
  "extensions": [
   "dng",
   "tif"
  ],
  "mime": [
   "image/dng",
   "image/tiff"
  ],
  "puid": [
   "fmt/730"
  ],
  "wikidata": [
   "Q27866063"
  ],
  "magic": [
   {
    "offset": 0,
    "hex": "4d4d002a",
    "notes": "DNG 1.4 (big-endian, BOF)"
   },
   {
    "offset": 0,
    "hex": "49492a00",
    "notes": "DNG 1.4 (little-endian, BOF)"
   }
  ],
  "signatures": [
   {
    "name": "DNG 1.4 (big-endian, BOF)",
    "sequences": [
     {
      "position": "bof",
      "offset": 0,
      "pattern": "4d4d002a{0-4080}c61200010000000401040000"
     }
    ]
   },
   {
    "name": "DNG 1.4 (little-endian, BOF)",
    "sequences": [
     {
      "position": "bof",
      "offset": 0,
      "pattern": "49492a00{0-4080}12c601000400000001040000"
     }
    ]
   },
   {
    "name": "DNG 1.4 (little-endian, BOF+EOF)",
    "sequences": [
     {
      "position": "bof",
      "offset": 0,
      "pattern": "49492a00"
     },
     {
      "position": "eof",
      "offset": 0,
      "max_offset": 128000,
      "pattern": "12c601000400000001040000"
     }
    ]
   },
   {
    "name": "DNG 1.4 (big-endian, BOF+EOF)",
    "sequences": [
     {
      "position": "bof",
      "offset": 0,
      "pattern": "4d4d002a"
     },
     {
      "position": "eof",
      "offset": 0,
      "max_offset": 128000,
      "pattern": "c61200010000000401040000"
     }
    ]
   }
  ],
  "priority_over": [
   "x-fmt/387",
   "x-fmt/388",
   "x-fmt/399",
   "fmt/154",
   "fmt/202",
   "fmt/353"
  ]
 },
 "status": "unknown",
 "summary": "The Digital Negative (DNG) Specification describes a non-proprietary file format for storing camera raw files that can be used by a wide range of hardware and software vendors. DNG is an extension of the TIFF 6.0 format, and is compatible with the TIFF-EP standard. This version was published June 2012.",
 "projects": [
  {
   "name": "PRONOM fmt/730",
   "url": "https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/fmt/730",
   "kind": "format-doc"
  },
  {
   "name": "Wikidata Q27866063",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27866063",
   "kind": "wiki"
  }
 ],
 "provenance": {
  "sources": [
   "pronom",
   "wikidata"
  ]
 },
 "updated": "2026-10-20",
 "version": "1.4",
 "aliases": [],
 "structure": [],
 "parsers": [],
 "tools": [
  {
   "name": "ImageMagick",
   "url": "https://imagemagick.org",
   "license": "ImageMagick License",
   "open_source": true,
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Abydos",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133445760",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU Lesser General Public License",
   "open_source": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "ACDSee",
   "url": "https://www.acdsee.com",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "proprietary license",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Adobe Camera Raw",
   "url": "http://www.adobe.com/products/photoshop/cameraraw.html",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Adobe Photoshop Elements",
   "url": "http://www.adobe.com/products/photoshop-elements.html",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Adobe Photoshop Lightroom",
   "url": "https://www.adobe.com/au/products/photoshop-lightroom.html",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "license": "shareware",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Adobe Photoshop Lightroom 2",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121463343",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Affinity Photo",
   "url": "https://affinity.serif.com/de/photo/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Converseen",
   "url": "https://converseen.fasterland.net/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License, version 3.0",
   "open_source": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Corel Photo-Paint",
   "url": "http://apps.corel.com/int/ru/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "proprietary license",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "DaVinci Resolve",
   "url": "https://blackmagicdesign.com/products/davinciresolve",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "freeware / proprietary license",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "dcraw",
   "url": "https://dechifro.org/dcraw/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License, version 2.0 / donationware",
   "open_source": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "DJI Zenmuse X3",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111632143",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "DJI Zenmuse X4S",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111632140",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "DJI Zenmuse X5",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111632142",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "DJI Zenmuse X5R",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111632141",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "ExifTool",
   "url": "https://exiftool.org/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "Artistic License / GNU General Public License, version 1.0 or later",
   "open_source": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "F-Spot",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q948619",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License / MIT License",
   "open_source": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Fast Picture Viewer",
   "url": "http://www.fastpictureviewer.com",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "FastStone Image Viewer 5.2",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112767622",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "GIMP",
   "url": "https://gimp.org",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License, version 3.0",
   "open_source": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "GraphicConverter",
   "url": "https://www.lemkesoft.de/produkte/graphicconverter/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Helicon Focus",
   "url": "https://www.heliconsoft.com/",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "ImageVerifier",
   "url": "https://basepath.com/site/detail-ImageVerifier.php",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "IrfanView",
   "url": "https://www.irfanview.com/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "freeware",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Krita",
   "url": "https://krita.org",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License, version 3.0",
   "open_source": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "libexiv2",
   "url": "https://exiv2.org/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": true,
   "license": "GNU General Public License, version 2.0 or later",
   "open_source": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "LibRaw",
   "url": "https://www.libraw.org/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "Common Development and Distribution License version 1.0 / GNU Lesser General Public License, version 2.1",
   "open_source": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "MediaRich Server",
   "url": "https://equilibrium.com/mediarichserver/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Microsoft Photos",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26328552",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "Microsoft end-user license agreement",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "PaintShop Photo Pro X3",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122675173",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "PaintShop Pro",
   "url": "http://www.corel.com/paintshoppro",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "proprietary license",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "PaintShop Pro X4",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110977057",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Pentax MX-1",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18387553",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Photopea",
   "url": "https://www.photopea.com/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "PhotoRec",
   "url": "http://www.cgsecurity.org/wiki/PhotoRec",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License",
   "open_source": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "PicaJet",
   "url": "http://picajet.com/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "freeware",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q111632138",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111632138",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q111632139",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111632139",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q122522973",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q122522973",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q129793",
   "url": "https://www.adobe.com/products/photoshop.html",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "shareware",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q133886275",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133886275",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q133889484",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133889484",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q135902494",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135902494",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q135981992",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q135981992",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138339198",
   "url": "https://www.insta360.com/product/insta360-x5",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138752551",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138752551",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138752552",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138752552",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138752553",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138752553",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138773663",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138773663",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138773675",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138773675",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138795430",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138795430",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138795431",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138795431",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138795432",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138795432",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138807615",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138807615",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138807962",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138807962",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138808106",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138808106",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138823473",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138823473",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138823475",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138823475",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138824302",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138824302",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q138824303",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138824303",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q139603645",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139603645",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q139603758",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139603758",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q139603759",
   "url": "https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139603759",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q141249415",
   "url": "https://www.insta360.com/product/insta360-x6",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q141647660",
   "url": "https://getartcraft.com/apps/lightcraft",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "Apache Software License 2.0 / MIT License",
   "open_source": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q1936840",
   "url": "https://www.darktable.org/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Q472277",
   "url": "https://www.faststone.org/FSViewerDetail.htm",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "freeware",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Siril",
   "url": "https://siril.org",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "UFRaw",
   "url": "http://ufraw.sourceforge.net/",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": false,
   "license": "GNU General Public License",
   "open_source": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Zeiss ZX1",
   "url": "https://www.zeiss.com/consumer-products/us/photography/zx1.html",
   "reads": false,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "name": "Zoner Photo Studio",
   "url": "http://www.zoner.com",
   "reads": true,
   "writes": true,
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  }
 ],
 "conversions": [
  {
   "to": "portable-network-graphics",
   "tool": "ImageMagick",
   "command": "convert in.dng out.png",
   "fidelity": "lossless",
   "losses": "Pixels kept; some metadata, colour profiles or layers may be dropped.",
   "url": "https://imagemagick.org",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "to": "tagged-image-file-format",
   "tool": "ImageMagick",
   "command": "convert in.dng out.tif",
   "fidelity": "lossless",
   "losses": "Pixels kept; some metadata, colour profiles or layers may be dropped.",
   "url": "https://imagemagick.org",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "to": "jpeg-file-interchange-format-1-02",
   "tool": "ImageMagick",
   "command": "convert in.dng out.jpg",
   "fidelity": "lossy",
   "losses": "Lossy compression.",
   "url": "https://imagemagick.org",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "to": "webp",
   "tool": "ImageMagick",
   "command": "convert in.dng out.webp",
   "fidelity": "lossy",
   "losses": "Lossy compression.",
   "url": "https://imagemagick.org",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  },
  {
   "to": "gif",
   "tool": "ImageMagick",
   "command": "convert in.dng out.gif",
   "fidelity": "lossy",
   "losses": "Reduced to 256 colours.",
   "url": "https://imagemagick.org",
   "via": "digital-negative-file-format-family"
  }
 ],
 "samples": [],
 "claims": [],
 "verification": []
}